South Black Willow Spring

Canyon County County, Oregon · Near Parma
43.7030°N, 117.1900°W · 2,315 ft
71°F 2,315 ft Open Short Walk Bureau of Land Management
South Black Willow Spring
File:ISS030-E-102543 - View of Earth.jpg — public domain

South Black Willow Spring flows at 71°F on BLM land in Idaho's Canyon County, emerging at 2,315 feet elevation near the Oregon border town of Parma. The spring requires a 154-meter walk from the nearest road, running 15 degrees above the surrounding desert air.

The spring emerges in high desert terrain at 2,315 feet, where sagebrush and scattered black willow mark water sources in the arid landscape. Annual precipitation totals just 10.2 inches with minimal snow. The area shows characteristic BLM rangeland patterns, with cattle grazing evident. The Snake River plain lies to the north while the Owyhee uplands rise southward. Basalt geology underlies the region.

History of South Black Willow Spring

The Black Willow designation references the scattered riparian trees that mark springs in this desert landscape. The South prefix distinguishes this from other nearby thermal features. BLM records show the spring as undeveloped public land. No commercial development or documented Indigenous use appears in available records. Current status is open-access range spring.

The 154-meter walk from road is straightforward across open terrain. Best visiting is April through early June or September through October when desert temperatures are moderate. Summer air temperatures regularly exceed 90°F. Winter access is possible but offers little appeal. No developed camping exists nearby. The modest temperature and remote location limit casual visitation.

Monthly Climate
32°
Jan
38°
Feb
47°
Mar
55°
Apr
64°
May
73°
Jun
83°
Jul
82°
Aug
71°
Sep
56°
Oct
42°
Nov
32°
Dec
Annual Precip: 10.2 in Annual Snow: 13.4 in
Best Time to Visit
January Air 32°F · Water 71°F · +39° contrast
December Air 32°F · Water 71°F · +39° contrast
February Air 38°F · Water 71°F · +33° contrast
January offers 51°F more contrast than July
What to Bring
Swimsuit & towel
Water bottle Stay hydrated, especially in hot water
Trash bag Pack out what you pack in
References
USGS Quad: (OWYHEE DAM 7.5) · PP 492: 82.0 · NOAA: 8.0 · AMS Map: BOISE
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the water temperature at South Black Willow Spring?
South Black Willow Spring has a water temperature of 71°F (22°C). This is a warm thermal spring.
Where is South Black Willow Spring located?
South Black Willow Spring is located in Canyon County, Oregon at 2,315 feet elevation, near Parma. Coordinates: 43.7030°N, 117.1900°W.
How do I get to South Black Willow Spring?
South Black Willow Spring has Short Walk road access (506 ft from the road).
Is South Black Willow Spring free to visit?
South Black Willow Spring has Open access. It is managed by Bureau of Land Management.
Is it safe to soak at South Black Willow Spring?
South Black Willow Spring is generally safe for soaking at its recorded temperature. Always tell someone your plans before visiting remote hot springs.
Is South Black Willow Spring crowded?
South Black Willow Spring sees varying levels of visitors depending on the season and day of the week.
What should I bring to South Black Willow Spring?
Essentials for South Black Willow Spring: swimsuit, towel, water bottle, a trash bag to pack out what you pack in.
Temperature
71°F
Warm Hot Boiling
Water Temp 71°F (22°C)
Avg Air Temp 56°F
Above Ambient +15°F
Mild soaking conditions March
Access
Open
Road Access Short Walk
Distance to Road 506 ft
Land
Ownership Federal
Agency Bureau of Land Management
Designation PUB
Unit Vale Malheur Field Office
Manager Bureau of Land Management
Protection 3 - Protected, subject to extractive use