Crystal Pool
Crystal Pool flows at 91°F within Ash Meadows National Wildlife Refuge, where restricted access protects one of North America's most critically endangered aquatic ecosystems. Recent USGS measurements confirm water temperatures of 30.5°C emerging from a spring with relatively high total dissolved solids (433 mg/L) and balanced calcium-magnesium ratios, situated just 135.7 meters from Spring Meadows Road at 2,195 feet elevation.
The spring emerges in the Amargosa Desert at the southern edge of Nevada's Ash Meadows basin, where artesian pressure forces ancient carbonate aquifer water to the surface across a landscape of alkaline wetlands and fossil-bearing travertine mounds. Annual precipitation averages just 3.9 inches in this extreme desert environment where average air temperatures reach 68.3°F, supporting a unique desert wetland complex permanently protected by the US Fish and Wildlife Service. The spring contributes to marsh systems harboring more than two dozen endemic species found nowhere else on Earth, including the endangered Devil's Hole pupfish and Ash Meadows speckled dace.
Crystal Pool takes its name from the clarity of water emerging from deep carbonate formations, part of a regional aquifer system that has sustained life in Ash Meadows for thousands of years. The refuge was established in 1984 after decades of groundwater pumping threatened these irreplaceable spring systems, culminating in a Supreme Court case that secured federal protection. The area previously supported ranching operations, including the historic Davis Ranch.
Access requires advance coordination with Ash Meadows National Wildlife Refuge staff, as public entry is restricted to protect endangered species. Spring and fall offer the most comfortable visiting conditions in this low-elevation desert environment. The refuge headquarters on Highway 160 provides orientation; combine with visits to other refuge springs accessible via designated boardwalks and trails. Summer temperatures regularly exceed 110°F.
Is Crystal Pool worth visiting?
Best for
- Warm-water soaking
The water at Crystal Pool is neutral (pH 7.1) with 433 mg/L total dissolved solids.